Iintlobo kunye noyilo lweSlaughterhouse Cold Storage

Iindawo zokugcina inyama ezibandayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kushishino lwanamhlanje lokucubungula inyama. Zenza okungaphezulu kakhulu kunokukhenkceza inyama ukuze igcinwe. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi ndawo kufuneka zixhase ukupholisa emva kokuxhelwa, ulawulo lokwehla kwe-pH, kunye nokuguga kwenyama yehagu, inyama yenkomo, kunye nemvana. Ezi mfuneko zokusebenza zenza indawo yokugcina inyama ebandayo yahluke kakhulu kwiindawo zokugcina inyama eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina ukutya ngokubanzi.

Iindidi eziphambili zeSlaughterhouse Cold Storage

Iindawo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo zasezilaheni zihlala zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: amagumbi okubanda abandayo namagumbi okuguga kunye namagumbi okubanda abandayo. Olu hlu lulandela imigangatho eyamkelweyo kwihlabathi liphela yokulawula ubushushu benyama ngexesha lokucubungula nokugcina.

Amagumbi abandayo nabandayo agxila ekunciphiseni ngokukhawuleza ubushushu obuphakathi kwezidumbu ezisandula ukuxhelwa. Kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuxhelwa, abaqhubi bayawuthoba ubushushu obuphakathi bufikelele kumlinganiselo okhuselekileyo. Le nkqubo ithintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane ezinobungozi ezifana neSalmonella kunye ne-Escherichia coli. Ukuphola okusebenzayo kukwaqinisa ulwakhiwo lwezihlunu kwaye kulungiselela inyama ukuba iqhubeke nokucutshungulwa.

Amagumbi abandayo aqandisayo aneenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Emva kokubanda nokwaluphala, abaprosesa banciphisa ubushushu benyama ukuya kwi-−18°C okanye ngaphantsi. Eli nqanaba lobushushu livumela ukugcinwa ixesha elide kunye nokuthuthwa komgama omde ngelixa kugcinwa umgangatho owamkelekileyo kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko.

Iindawo zokuxhela ezincinci zihlala zisebenza ngezixhobo ezisisiseko kuphela. Zihlala ziquka amagumbi okubanda nawokuguga kunye nendawo yokugcina impahla efrijini yexesha elifutshane. Ezi zityalo zigxila ekusasazweni kweendawo kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Iindawo zokuxhela ezinkulu zihlala zifakela uluhlu olupheleleyo lweentlobo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo. Zikwadibanisa amagumbi okusika nokukhupha amathambo ukuxhasa ukucutshungulwa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.

Ezinye iindawo zokuxhela zijolise kwiimarike zabathengi abakumgangatho ophezulu. Ezi ndawo zityala imali kwiindawo ezibandayo ezizinikeleyo zokuguga kunye neendawo ezibandayo ezibandayo ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwandisa ixesha lokuguga ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-7-28, abavelisi bandisa ukuthamba, ubunzima bencasa, kunye nomgangatho wokutya ngokubanzi. Iindawo ezibandayo ezibandayo ngokukhawuleza zinciphisa ubushushu obuphakathi, nto leyo enciphisa ukwakheka kwekristale enkulu yomkhenkce kwaye ikhusela imicu yemisipha. Le ndlela igcina ubume bokuqala benyama kunye nencasa kakhulu.

Indima kunye nokubaluleka kokuzola nokwaluphala

Ukupholisa nokwaluphala zimele amanyathelo abalulekileyo ekuxhelweni kwemfuyo enkulu. Ukwaluphala ngokufanelekileyo kuphucula incasa, ubunjani, kunye nokuhambelana. Kukwanciphisa umahluko phakathi kwezidumbu, nto leyo enceda abaprosesa kunye nabathengi bokugqibela.

Emva kokuxhela, ukuphumla kwenyama kuvumela i-lactic acid ngaphakathi kwezicubu zemisipha ukuba ziqhekeke kancinci kancinci. Iifayibha zemisipha ziyaphumla njengoko i-rigor mortis iphela. Ngeli xesha, iiproteni ezithile zilawulwa yi-hydrolysis. Le nkqubo ye-biochemical ithambisa isakhiwo senyama kwaye iphucula ukuhlafuna.

Njengoko i-lactic acid incipha, i-pH yemisipha iya kwinqanaba elingathathi cala. Olu tshintsho luzinzisa izakhiwo zeseli ngaphakathi kwenyama. Iiseli ezizinzileyo zigcina amanzi ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokupheka. Ngenxa yoko, inyama endala inika ijusi ephezulu, imvakalelo yomlomo iphucukile, kwaye igcina izondlo ngcono.

Ukwaluphala kukwanceda ekunciphiseni ivumba elingathandekiyo. Ezinye ii-amino acids eziqulethe i-sulfur ziyabola kancinci kancinci ngexesha lokwaluphala. Olu hlobo lokusabela lunciphisa ivumba elinamandla elibonakalayo elifumaneka kwinyama yenkomo, yegusha, neyehagu. Abathengi badla ngokunxulumanisa olu phuculo nobutsha kunye nomgangatho ophezulu.

Imigaqo yoYilo lwaMagumbi abandayo abandayo nawalupheleyo

Abayili kufuneka balungise iiparameter zokuphola nokuguga ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwenyama kunye neenjongo zokucubungula. Nangona kunjalo, amava oshishino abonisa ukuba i-0–4°C ibonelela ngomgangatho ofanelekileyo wobushushu bokuguga uninzi lwenyama ebomvu. Ulawulo lobushushu oluzinzileyo lubaluleke ngaphezu kokubanda kakhulu. Ukuguquguquka kunokuphazamisa iimpendulo ze-biochemical kwaye kunciphise ukusebenza kokuguga.

Ulawulo lomswakama ludlala indima ebaluleke ngokulinganayo. Ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi kumphezulu kunye nokulahleka komgangatho, abayili badla ngokugcina umswakama ophakathi kwama-85% nama-95%. Umoya owomileyo kakhulu ubangela ukuqhekeka komphezulu, nto leyo ephazamisa ukwaluphala kwaye inciphise isivuno. Nangona kunjalo, ukufuma okugqithisileyo kwandisa umngcipheko wokukhula kwesikhunta.

Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya zifuna ucwangciso olucokisekileyo. Ukuhamba komoya ngendlela efanelekileyo kuthintela iindawo zomoya ezingashukumiyo kwaye kuthintele ukukhula kweentsholongwane. Kwangaxeshanye, abayili kufuneka baphephe ukuvuthela umoya obandayo ngqo kwiindawo zenyama. Iinjineli zihlala zilungisa iindawo zokukhupha umoya okanye zisebenzise izinto ezithintela umoya. Le ndlela igcina ubushushu obufanayo ngaphandle kokoma kakhulu.

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe malunga noyilo lokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle

Inyama idla ngokuthatha usuku olunye ukuya kwezimbini ukuze igqibezele ukupholisa nokwaluphala okuqhelekileyo. Iinkqubo zokwaluphala ezinde zifuna ixesha elide kakhulu lokugcina. Ezi mfuno zexesha zinempembelelo enkulu kulwakhiwo lwegumbi lokubanda kunye nocwangciso lomthamo.

Ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kakuhle kokuphuma, iindawo zokuxhela zihlala zakha iindawo ezininzi zokuphola nezokwaluphala. Ezinye izakhiwo zahlula amagumbi amakhulu abe ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo azimeleyo. Olu lungiselelo luvumela abaqhubi ukuba balawule amaqela ahlukeneyo ngaxeshanye. Lukwanciphisa iingozi zokungcoliswa okuthe kratya kwaye luphucula ukuguquguquka kweshedyuli.

Ukwahlulahlula iindawo zokuxhela ngokufanelekileyo kunceda iivenkile zokuxhela zilinganisele iimfuno zebhayoloji kunye noxinzelelo lwezorhwebo. Ngokudibanisa uyilo lwendawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo kunye nomthamo wokuxhela kunye nokuhamba kwemveliso, abaqhubi baphucula imveliso ngelixa begcina umgangatho kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko.

Iinkqubo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo zasezilaheni zenza isebe elikhethekileyo lobunjineli be-cold-chain. Zidibanisa ukhuseleko lokutya, isayensi yenyama, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemizi-mveliso kwisiseko esinye. Ukupholisa, ukuguga, kunye nokuqandisa kusebenzela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo kodwa ezidibeneyo. Ukuphunyezwa kwazo ngempumelelo kuxhomekeke kulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, ulawulo lokufuma, uyilo lokuhamba komoya, kunye nocwangciso lokusebenza.

Ngokwahlulahlula ngaphambi kokuba kuphole, kwaluphale, kunye nokuqandisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobushushu, eli shishini liqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nobuhle bokupheka. Eli ziko kufuneka likhusele ukuqina kwefayibha yemisipha kuyo yonke inqanaba lekhonkco lokubanda. Uyilo lobuchwephesha luthintela ukuqhambuka kweebhaktheriya ngelixa ngaxeshanye luzisa inyama yenkomo ethambileyo nenencasa elindelwe ngabathengi banamhlanje.