Indlu yokuloba enomkhenkce inika indawo yokuhlala efudumeleyo kumachibi aqandisiweyo ngexesha lasebusika. Abalobi abaninzi basebenzisa le ndlu ukwandisa ixesha lokuloba kwimozulu embi. Uyilo oluqinileyo lugcina umoya, ikhephu, nokubanda kude. Ubushushu bangaphakathi buhlala busondele kwi-15°C nokuba ubushushu bangaphandle behla bufike kwi--20°C. Indlu idala indawo ekhuselekileyo nekhululekileyo yokuloba ixesha elide. Iiyunithi ezininzi zanamhlanje ziquka ubushushu, izifudumezi, kunye nemigangatho eqinisiweyo. Ezi zinto zonyusa ukhuseleko kumkhenkce. Indlu ikwanceda abalobi ukuba bakhusele izixhobo ngexesha lohambo olude.
Abalinganiswa abaphambili beNdlu yokuloba ngeqhwa
Indlu yokuloba enomkhenkce igxile kubushushu, amandla, ukuthwaleka, kunye nokhuseleko. Ezi mpawu zine zixhasa iiyure ezininzi enomkhenkceni. Isakhiwo siphatha ukubanda okugqithisileyo okungaphantsi ukuya kuthi ga kwi -30°C. I-heater encinci ye-2 kW idla ngokugcina igumbi lifudumele. Indawo elawulwayo inceda abadobi bahlale bekhululekile xa umoya onamandla uvuthuza echibini.
Amandla enza umlinganiswa olandelayo. Isakhelo esiqinileyo sixhasa abantu, izixhobo, kunye nekhephu. Izindlu ezininzi zithwala imithwalo eqala kwi-300 kg ukuya kwi-500 kg phantsi. La mandla agcina abadobi bekhuselekile xa imeko yomkhenkce itshintsha. Iindonga zikwamelana nesantya somoya ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60 km/h. Uzinzo oluhle lunceda indlu ukuba ihlale izinzile.
Ukuthwaleka kongeza ixabiso lokwenyani kwiihambo zemihla ngemihla. Izindlu ezininzi ezincinci zinobunzima obungaphantsi kwama-70 kg. Izindlu ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo zinobunzima obuphakathi kwe-150 kg ukuya kuma-250 kg. Abadobi badla ngokutsala ezi zindlu ngesandla okanye ngemoto yekhephu. Ukuseta okulula kusindisa ixesha ngexesha leentsasa ezibandayo. Iinkqubo ezininzi ziyanda kwimizuzu elishumi.
Izindlu ezininzi zineendawo zokungenisa umoya ukuze umoya uhambe kakuhle. Ezi ndawo zokungenisa umoya zinciphisa ukufuma okuvela kwimingxunya yokuloba. Ukususwa komswakama kunceda ukugcina izixhobo zikhuselekile kwaye zomile.
Uyilo lweZakhiwo zeNdlu yokuloba ngeqhwa
Isakhelo sibumba yonke indlu yokuloba enomkhenkce. Uninzi lwezakhiwo zisebenzisa izakhelo ze-aluminium okanye zentsimbi. I-aluminium igcina ubunzima buphantsi. Indlu eyi-2 m × 2 m ingasebenzisa kuphela i-15 kg yeetyhubhu ze-aluminium. Izakhelo zentsimbi zongeza amandla. Isakhelo sentsimbi esifanayo sinobunzima obuyi-25 kg kodwa sinikezela ngenkxaso engaphezulu.
Uyilo lophahla lukhusela umthwalo wekhephu. Uphahla oluqhelekileyo lubamba i-150 kg yekhephu ngaphandle kokuguquka. Iimodeli ezinkulu zixhasa umthwalo wekhephu oyi-300 kg. Ukuthambeka okufanelekileyo kunceda ikhephu lityibilike xa kukho iimvula. Iiplanga zophahla zihlala zisebenzisa iityhubhu ezingama-25 mm okanye ezingama-30 mm. Ezi planga zigcina indlu izinzile phantsi kwemozulu etshintshayo.
Ukuqina kodonga nako kubalulekile. Ukusetyenziswa kweemodeli ezifakelwe i-insulationIiphaneli ze-PU okanye ze-EPSenobukhulu obuyi-40 mm ukuya kwi-100 mm. AIphaneli egqunyiweyo engama-60 mmkunciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu phantse nge-25% xa kuthelekiswa nephaneli engama-40 mm. Ubushushu obuhle bugcina isifudumezi sisebenza kakuhle.
Umgangatho uhlala uqinile kuba uxhasa umlobi, isitulo, kunye nezixhobo. Iiplanga ezininzi zisebenzisa iiphaneli zeplywood eziphakathi kwe-10 mm kunye ne-15 mm ubukhulu. Ezinye iiplanga zisebenzisa iipleyiti ze-aluminium kwiindawo ezimanzi. Umgangatho we-2 m × 3 m unokuthwala umthwalo ongama-400 kg. Iindawo ezingatyibilikiyo zithintela ukuwa ngexesha leemeko ezimanzi.
Iingcango neefestile zigqibezela uyilo. Iingcango ezininzi ziquka iiziphu ezimbini okanye iifreyimu ezigqunyiweyo. Iifestile zisebenzisa i-PVC ecacileyo okanye i-acrylic enomgangatho ophindwe kabini. Ubungakanani obuhle befestile buhlala bumalunga ne-30 cm × 30 cm. Ezi festile zivumela abadobi ukuba bajonge ngaphandle ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa bubushushu.
Ukufakwa kwe-insulation, ukufudumeza, kunye nolawulo lwemozulu
Ukufakwa kwe-insulation kugcina indlu yokuloba enomkhenkceni ifudumele ngexesha leeseshoni ezinde. Okukhona ubushushu buphantsi ebusika, kokukhona ubukhulu beepaneli zesandwich ezindongeni zegumbi lokuloba enomkhenkce buyanda. Iphaneli ye-PU engama-60 mm inika ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kufutshane ne-0.022 W/m·K. Olu kufakwa kwe-insulation kunciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%.
Izifudumezi zilawula intuthuzelo yangaphakathi. Zombini izifudumezi zegesi kunye nezifudumezi zombane zinokunyusa ubushushu begumbi ngempumelelo kwaye zinike abathandi bokuloba amava angcono.
Umoya ongenisa umoya ukhusela umgangatho womoya. Umoya omncinci onobubanzi obuyi-10 cm ususa umswakama kwimingxunya yokuloba. Umoya omkhulu okufutshane nophahla ukhupha umoya ofudumeleyo xa izifudumezi zisebenza ixesha elide kakhulu. Izindlu ezininzi zikwanomoya ongenisa umoya ohlengahlengiswayo ukuthintela ukwakheka kwe-CO2. Umoya ohamba kakuhle unciphisa ukufuma kweefestile.
Ukukhanya kuphucula ukubonakala. Imicu ye-LED ye-10 W ikhanyisa iindawo ezincinci. Izindlu ezinkulu zinokusebenzisa iinkqubo ze-LED ze-20 W. Ezi zibane azivelisi bushushu. Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwemozulu lunceda abadobi bagxile ekulobeni endaweni yokulwa nokubanda. Ubushushu obuhle kunye nokufudumeza kuvumela iiseshoni ezinde neziyonwabisayo.
Iindawo eziphambili zeNdlu yokuloba ngeqhwa
Indlu yokuloba ngeqhwa inezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezixhasa ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla. Umgangatho, isakhelo, iiphaneli zodonga, isifudumezi, ii-vents, izibambi, kunye nemingxuma yokuloba zezona zinto ziphambili. Imingxunya yokuloba ifuna ukubekwa ngononophelo. Indlu encinci idla ngokuba nemingxuma emibini. Uyilo olukhulu lunokubandakanya imingxunya emine okanye emithandathu. Umngxuma ngamnye udla ngokuba yi-20 cm × 30 cm. Obu bungakanani buvumela ukushukuma lula kwezixhobo zokuloba.
Izibambi zeentonga azibambi izandla. Iinkqubo ezininzi ziquka izibambi ezibini ukuya kwezine. Izihlalo nazo zibalulekile. Izitulo ezisongwayo, iibhentshi okanye iisofa ezinemisebenzi yokugcina izinto zilungile.
Iindawo zokugcina izinto zixhasa uhambo olude. Iishelufu zigcina izinto ezifana nezithako, izixhobo, nokutya. Ishelufu encinci ingathatha i-5 kg ukuya kwi-10 kg. Iishelufu ezinkulu zingathatha i-20 kg. Izindlu ezininzi zineehuku zeejakethi kunye nezibane.
Ii-ankile zigcina indlu izinzile. Indlu ephakathi isebenzisa ii-ankile ezine zomhlaba ukumelana nomoya. I-ankile nganye idla ngokuxhathisa amandla okutsala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-150 N. Ii-ankile ezinamandla zigcina indlu ikwindawo yayo ngexesha leemvula.
Iifestile ziphucula ukubonakala. Ifestile ye-acrylic engama-30 cm × 30 cm ivumela ukukhanya kwendalo. Ezinye izindlu zinefestile ezimbini okanye ezintathu ukuze zibukeke ngcono. Imicu ekhanyayo eludongeni iphucula ukhuseleko xa kukho ubumnyama.
Izindlu ezininzi zisebenzisa izihlanganisi zekona eziqinileyo ukuze zisebenze ixesha elide. Isihlanganisi sekona esilula siphatha uxinzelelo oluyi-50 kg. Isihlanganisi esiqinisiweyo singathatha i-80 kg. Iindawo ezilungileyo ziphucula intuthuzelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Indlu yokuloba enomkhenkceni inika ubushushu, ukhuseleko, kunye nentuthuzelo ngexesha lohambo lokuloba ebusika. Indlu yokuloba enomkhenkceni eyilwe kakuhle inceda abadobi bahlale befudumele kwaye bekhuselekile nangona kukho iziphepho zasebusika ezinzima. Le ndawo yokukhusela idala indawo ethembekileyo yeseshoni zokuloba ezinde neziyonwabisayo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-09-2025