Zenziwa njani iiphaneli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo?

Iiphaneli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo zisebenza njengezinto eziphambili ze-cold chain logistics kwaye zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wokugcina ukutya kunye namayeza. Iimpahla ezibolayo zifuna ulawulo oluzinzileyo lobushushu kulo lonke ixesha lokugcina kunye nokuthuthwa. Iphaneli yokugcina izinto ezibandayo efanelekileyo kufuneka imelane nokubanda kakhulu kwi-−30 °C ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kukusebenza. Iphaneli kufuneka igcine uzinzo kwiindawo ezifumileyo ixesha elide.

Ukuqonda inkqubo yokuvelisa kunceda abathengi bakhethe iimveliso ezifanelekileyo kunye nababoneleli abathembekileyo. Olu lwazi lukwanciphisa iingozi zeprojekthi kunye neendleko zokusebenza zexesha elide. Abavelisi bavelisa iiphaneli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ngamanyathelo aliqela abalulekileyo.

La manyathelo aquka ukwenziwa kweephaneli zesinyithi, ukutshiza okunamathelayo, kunye nokufakwa kwezinto zefoam. Inkqubo iyaqhubeka nokufakwa kwefoam yezinto eziphambili, ukusika iiphaneli, ukunyanga, kunye nokuhlolwa kokugqibela. Inyathelo ngalinye lichaphazela amandla ephaneli, ukusebenza kakuhle kokugquma, kunye nobomi benkonzo. Abavelisi kufuneka balawule inqanaba ngalinye ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwiiphaneli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo

Umgangatho wephaneli yesinyithi ufanele ukuqwalaselwa kuqala. Iiphaneli zesinyithi zisebenza njengolwakhiwo lwesakhiwo seephaneli zokugcina ezibandayo. Zimisela ngokuthe ngqo amandla apheleleyo kunye nokuzinza kobukhulu. Ukhetho oluqhelekileyo lusebenzisa iiphaneli zentsimbi ezinombala ophezulu ezinobukhulu obuyi-0.5 mm. Abavelisi bafaka ezi paneli nge-polyester resin ukuze bamelane nokugqwala. Ukwaleka kukwakhusela iipaneli kumonakalo obangelwa kukungcoliswa ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokufakwa.

Abanye abathengisi abancinci banciphisa amaxabiso ngokunciphisa iindleko zezinto zokwakha. Badla ngokusebenzisa iiphaneli zesinyithi ezinobukhulu obumalunga ne-0.3 mm. Ezi phaneli zitshintsha ngokulula xa umthwalo okanye utshintsho lobushushu lutshintsha. Ukuguquguquka kwandisa amaxesha okugcinwa kunye neendleko zokulungisa. Amaxabiso okuqala aphantsi adla ngokukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zexesha elide.

Ababoneleli abasemgangathweni basebenzisa imigangatho engqongqo yezinto zokwakha. Njengokuba iHarbin Dongan Building Sheets isebenzisa iiphaneli zesinyithi eziphakathi kwe-0.4 kunye ne-0.8 mm ubukhulu. Ubunzima be-zinc coating bufikelela ubuncinane kwi-120 g/m² kumacala omabini. Olu lwazi luthintela ukugqwala kangangeminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Iiphaneli ezijiyileyo zikwaphucula ukumelana nempembelelo kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Ezi zibonelelo zixhasa imisebenzi yokugcina ubushushu ixesha elide.

Umgangatho wezinto ezingundoqo udlala indima ebaluleke ngokulinganayo. Umongo umisela ukusebenza kobushushu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. I-polyurethane foam enoxinzelelo oluphezulu ilawula imarike yokugcina izinto ezibandayo yanamhlanje. Umoya wayo oshushu uhlala kwi-0.024 W/(m·K) okanye ngaphantsi. Umoya ophantsi ohambisa izinto unciphisa ukudluliselwa kobushushu kunye nokulahleka kwamandla.

Abavelisi bomgangatho balawula ngononophelo uxinano lwefoam. I-Dongan igcina uxinano lwe-polyurethane phakathi kwama-38 nama-42 kg/m³. Olu luhlu lulinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokufakwa kobushushu kunye namandla oomatshini. Uxinano oluphantsi lubuthathaka ulwakhiwo, ngelixa uxinano oluphezulu lunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokufakwa kobushushu. Ulawulo olufanelekileyo loxinano luqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi komthwalo.

Iiarhente ezikhupha amagwebu nazo zinefuthe kumgangatho wobushushu. Abavelisi kufuneka bakhethe iiarhente ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana ne-HCFC-141B. Iiarhente zeprimiyamu zenza iiseli zefoam ezifanayo kunye namazinga aphezulu eeseli ezivaliweyo. Iiseli ezifanayo ziphucula ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokufuma. Olu khetho luxhasa uzinzo lobushushu bexesha elide.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa iiPaneli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo

Imigca yemveliso ezenzekelayo ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo. Ukuveliswa kwanamhlanje kufuna umlinganiselo wezinto ezichanekileyo kakhulu. Imigca eqhubekayo ezenzekelayo iyahlangabezana nezi mfuno ngokufanelekileyo. Imarike ikhetha ngakumbi ukuveliswa kweephaneli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ezizenzekelayo.

Iinkqubo zekhompyutha zilawula ubushushu bokugqwala, uxinzelelo, kunye nexesha lokuphendula. Ezi nkqubo zigcina iimeko ezizinzileyo kulo lonke ixesha lokuveliswa. I-foam yezinto eziluhlaza ihlala ikwi-38 °C. Ubushushu obuzinzileyo buphucula ulwakhiwo lwe-foam kunye nokusebenza kokubopha. Isantya se-closed-cell sifikelela ubuncinane kwi-95% emva kokwenziwa kwe-foam.

Ukufutha ngokuzenzekelayo kunika iingenelo ezicacileyo kuneenkqubo ezenziwe ngesandla. Ukufutha ngesandla kwendabuko kudala uxinano olungalinganiyo kunye namabala abuthathaka. Ukufutha ngokuzenzekelayo kuvelisa ii-cores ezifanayo kwiphaneli nganye. Ukuguquguquka kokuqhuba kobushushu kuhlala kungaphantsi kwe-0.002 W/(m·K). Ukugquma rhoqo kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwegumbi elibandayo.

Iiphaneli ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza emva kokufakelwa. Abasebenzisi badla ngokonga i-15 ukuya kwi-20 ekhulwini kwiindleko zamandla. Imfuno ephantsi yamandla iphucula uqoqosho lweprojekthi kunye nokuzinza. Ukhuseleko oluzinzileyo lukwakhusela iimpahla ezigciniweyo ngempumelelo ngakumbi.

Umgangatho wokubopha uqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo ende. Ulwakhiwo lwephaneli lufuna ukunamathelana okuqinileyo phakathi kwezikhumba zesinyithi kunye nezinto eziphambili. Amandla okubopha achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuqina kunye nokhuseleko. Ukusilela okuninzi kokugcina ubushushu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqhekeka kweephaneli. Izikhumba zesinyithi ziyahlukana xa amandla okubopha enganele.

Abavelisi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba i-bonding strength inamandla aneleyo. Amandla e-bonding kufuneka adlule kwi-1.0 kg/cm². Iphaneli nganye yesikwere kufuneka imelane netoni enye yamandla okutsalwa. Le migangatho ithintela ukwahlukana phantsi koxinzelelo lobushushu.

UDongan usebenzisa i-polyurethane adhesive ekumgangatho ophezulu enamacandelo amabini. Le adhesive inika ukusebenza okuqinileyo nokuhlala ixesha elide kokubopha. Iiphaneli ezintsha ziyanyangeka kwi-70 °C kangangeeyure ezingama-24. Ukunyangwa kuvumela i-adhesive ukuba ifikelele kumandla afanelekileyo. Le nkqubo ithintela ukuqhekeka ngexesha lotshintsho olukhulu lobushushu.

Ukubeka iliso elingqongqo kuMgangatho

Ukubeka iliso elibukhali lomgangatho kuxhasa ukusebenza kwemveliso okuthembekileyo. Ukuhlolwa kwenkangeleko kubonisa inyathelo lokuqala lokulawula umgangatho. I-Dongan inyanzelisa imigangatho yokuhlolwa okubonakalayo okungqongqo. Imiphezulu yeephaneli kufuneka ihlale ingenaziphene ezibonakalayo.

Ukungalingani komphezulu kufuneka kuhlale ngaphantsi kwe-1.5 mm. Ubunzulu bokukrwela mabungadluli kwi-0.2 mm. Ukuphambuka okulinganayo kufuneka kuhlale ngaphantsi kwe-2 mm. Le migangatho iqinisekisa ukufakwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye namalungu ephaneli aqinileyo. Inkangeleko entle ikwabonisa umgangatho wokwenziwa ngaphakathi.

Ukuhlolwa ngokungqongqo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide. Abathengi bayazuza ngokugcinwa okunciphileyo kunye nokuthembeka okuphuculweyo. Imigangatho ephezulu ikwakhusela udumo lwebhrendi kunye nokuthenjwa kwabathengi.

Uvavanyo lokusebenza lwenza inqanaba lokugqibela lolawulo lomgangatho. Yonke imveliso ivavanywa ngokupheleleyo. Iiphaneli zibanda kwi-−30 °C kangangeeyure ezingama-24. Iingcali emva koko zithutha iiphaneli ngoko nangoko ziye kwindawo engama-60 °C. Abahloli bajonga ukuqhekeka, ukuguquka, okanye ukuqhekeka.

Olu vavanyo lokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu lulinganisa iimeko zokusebenza eziqatha. Iiphaneli kufuneka zigcine ukuthembeka ngexesha lotshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu. Uvavanyo oluphumelelayo luqinisekisa ukukhethwa kwezinto kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kolawulo lwenkqubo. Ziiphaneli ezifanelekileyo kuphela ezifikelela kwimarike.

Ngokukhetha izinto ezingqongqo, imveliso echanekileyo, kunye novavanyo oluqinileyo, abavelisi baqinisekisa iiphaneli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ezinokuthenjwa. Iiphaneli ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zikhusela iimpahla, zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kwaye zixhasa ukusebenza kwexesha elide kwetyathanga lezinto ezibandayo.