Iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa zixhasa ulawulo lobushushu oluzinzileyo kwindawo yokugcina ukutya kunye nezonyango. Iindawo ezininzi zifuna ubushushu obuqinileyo kunye nokufakelwa ngokukhawuleza. Abasebenzisi bafuna iiphaneli ezisingatha ukufuma, ubushushu, kunye nomthwalo. Bakwafuna ukucoca okulula kunye nobomi benkonzo ende. Iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa ziyahlangabezana nezi mfuno ngesakhiwo esicacileyo kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo.
Ulwakhiwo
Iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa zisebenzisa isakhiwo sesandwich. Iphaneli nganye ineebuso ezimbini zesinyithi kunye nesiseko esinye sokukhusela. Isiseko sihlala phakathi kwamaphepha entsimbi kwaye senza ukumelana okunamandla kobushushu. Uninzi lweeprojekthi zisebenzisa iiphaneli ukusuka kwi-50 mm ukuya kwi-150 mm ubukhulu. Iiphaneli ezityebileyo zibonelela ngokudluliselwa kobushushu okuncinci. Iphaneli ye-100-mm idla ngokufikelela kwixabiso le-K elikufutshane ne-0.22 W/m²·K.
Ishiti yentsimbi yangaphandle ikhusela umongo ekutshatyalalisweni nasekufumeni. Iifektri ezininzi zisebenzisa intsimbi eyi-0.4 ukuya kwi-0.6-mm kwiindawo zobuso. Intsimbi enomaleko we-zinc we-80 g/m² inika ukumelana okunamandla kokugqwala. Ubuso obungaphakathi busebenzisa uboya obufana nokutya. Ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo boboya buhlala bumalunga ne-25 microns. Olu maleko luxhasa ukuhlamba kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane.
Iijoyinti zephaneli nazo zibalulekile. Uninzi lweepaneli zisebenzisa iijoyinti ze-cam-lock okanye i-tongue-and-groove. Ii-cam-locks zinceda ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza. Iijoyinti ze-tongue-and-groove zixhasa ulawulo lokuhamba komoya. Umsantsa oqhelekileyo wejoyinti uhlala ngaphantsi kwe-2 mm emva kokutshixa. Iijoyinti ezilungileyo zigcina ukuvuza komoya kuphantsi kwaye ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa.
Izixhobo
Iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa zisebenzisa izinto eziphambili ezahlukeneyo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwesiseko lunika amandla ahlukileyo kunye nokusebenza kokukhusela. Ifoam ye-PUR ihlala ixhaphakile ngenxa yokukhusela okunamandla. Ifoam ye-PUR ifikelela kwi-thermal conductivity kufutshane ne-0.022 W/m·K. I-75-mm.Iphaneli ye-PURixhasa amagumbi abandayo kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kwama-25°C.
Ifoam ye-PIR inika ukumelana okuphezulu komlilo. Iiphaneli ezininzi ze-PIR zifikelela kumlinganiselo we-B-s1,d0. Ifoam ye-PIR isebenzisa i-dense cross-linking. Olu lwakhiwo lucothisa ukusasazeka kwelangatye kwaye lunciphisa ukuphuma komsi. Uxinano lwefoam luhlala luphakathi kwe-35 kunye ne-45 kg/m³. Oluxinano lunika amandla okucinezelwa azinzileyo.
Ezinyeamagumbi abandayoSebenzisa ii-cores zoboya belitye. Uboya belitye bufikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu omlilo. Iiphaneli ezininzi zoboya belitye zifikelela kwinqanaba le-A. Ezi paneli zixhasa iindawo ezinemithetho engqongqo yomlilo. Ubuninzi boboya belitye buhlala bumalunga ne-120 kg/m³. Olu xinano lunyusa ulawulo lwesandi kunye nokhuseleko lomlilo.
Intsimbi engatyiwayo ikwavela kwiiprojekthi ezikhethekileyo. Izityalo ezininzi zokutya zikhetha intsimbi engatyiwayo ngenxa yococeko. Amashiti entsimbi engatyiwayo adla ngokuba nobukhulu obuyi-0.5 mm. Axhasa ukucoca nzulu kwaye athintele ukugqwala. Abasebenzisi bakhetha intsimbi engatyiwayo xa umswakama uhlala ungaphezulu kwama-90% ixesha elide.
Izalathisi zokusebenza
Iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa kufuneka zihlangabezane neempawu zokusebenza ezingqongqo. Ubushushu bokugquma buqala phambili. Iphaneli enexabiso le-K elingaphantsi kwe-0.28 W/m²·K inokuxhasa ukugcinwa kokutya okutsha. Ixabiso le-K eliphantsi linciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ukusebenzisa iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunokonga phantse i-15% yeendleko zamandla.
Amandla ephaneli nawo abalulekile. Iphaneli eqhelekileyo ye-PUR ifikelela kumandla okucinezelwa kufutshane ne-150 kPa. Eli xabiso lixhasa imithwalo yesilingi kumagumbi aphakathi. Iphaneli ye-PIR inika amandla afanayo ngokuziphatha okungcono komlilo. Iiphaneli zoboya belitye zinika i-80 ukuya kwi-100 kPa, esebenza eludongeni.
Ukumelana nokufuma kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Iiphaneli ezilungileyo zifunxa amanzi angaphantsi kwe-3% kwiimvavanyo. Ukufunxa okuncinci kukhusela umongo ekonakalisweni. Ikwagcina ukugquma kuzinzile. Iimvavanyo zokufuma zisebenzisa ukufunxa iiyure ezingama-24 kumanqanaba okufuma amiselweyo.
Ulawulo lokuvuza komoya luchaphazela iindleko zokupholisa. Igumbi lokupholisa elivalwe kakuhle lisebenzisa ngaphantsi kwe-0.4 m³/h·m² yokuvuza. Iifektri ezininzi zijonga ukuvuza ngovavanyo lomsi okanye uvavanyo loxinzelelo. Amalungu alungileyo kunye nezitywini zinceda ukufikelela kwezi xabiso.
Ukusebenza komlilo kuhlala kubalulekile kuzo zonke izakhiwo. Iphaneli ye-PIR inokumelana nemizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwengama-20 ngaphambi kokuba kutshiswe umbindi. Iiphaneli zoboya belitye zisingatha amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Zihlala zifikelela kwimizuzu engama-60 yokumelana nomlilo kuxhomekeke kubukhulu. Ezi zibonakaliso zixhasa ucwangciso lokhuseleko.
Amanqaku eMveliso
Imveliso yeephaneli ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo. Iifektri zigcina uxinano lwefoam ngaphakathi kwe-5% yethagethi. Uxinano oluzinzileyo lunika ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kobushushu. Imigca yemveliso eqhubekayo ifaka ifoam phantsi koxinzelelo oluzinzileyo. Umgca oqhelekileyo usebenza kwiimitha ezi-8 ukuya kwezi-12 ngomzuzu.
Iishiti zentsimbi nazo zifuna ukujongwa ngokungqongqo. Ishiti nganye kufuneka ihlangabezane nobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-0.03 mm. Iifektri zisebenzisa ubunzima beekhoyili obuziitoni ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7. Zicoca kwaye zifake iiprime kwiishiti ngaphambi kokuba zenziwe. Umphezulu ococekileyo uxhasa ukubopha okuqinileyo phakathi kwentsimbi kunye nefoam engundoqo.
Inkqubo yokugquma ibalulekile. Iikhemikhali ze-PUR okanye ze-PIR zisabela ngokukhawuleza. Amaqela alawula ubushushu obuphakathi kwama-45°C nama-55°C ngexesha lokujova. Olu bushushu lugcina isakhiwo sefoam sifana. Isakhiwo esifanayo siphucula ubushushu kunye namandla okucinezelwa.
Ukusika kunye nokubumba kuchaphazela umgangatho wofakelo. Uninzi lweefektri zisebenzisa ukusika kwe-CNC. Impazamo yokusika ihlala ngaphantsi kwe-2 mm. Oku kuchanekileyo kuxhasa amalungu aqinileyo kwaye kunciphisa ukuvuza.
Oomatshini baphinda benze imilo yee-cam-locks. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-cam-lock buhlala bumalunga ne-110 mm ububanzi.
Ukuhlolwa komgangatho kwenzeka emva kokwakheka. Iifektri ezininzi zivavanya iiphaneli ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 rhoqo ngeyure. Zilinganisa uxinano lwe-core, amandla e-bond, kunye nobukhulu bephaneli. Amandla e-bond ahlala engaphezulu kwe-0.12 MPa kwiiphaneli ze-PUR kunye ne-PIR. Ukubopha okuqinileyo kuthintela ukuqhekeka.
Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kuYilo
Abayili kufuneka bakhethe ubukhulu bepaneli ngokusekelwe kubushushu begumbi. I-cooler kwi-2°C ingasebenzisa iiphaneli ezingama-75-mm. I-freezer kwi-minus 25°C ingasebenzisa iiphaneli ezingama-120-150 mm. La maxabiso anciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu kwaye anciphise umthwalo we-compressor.
Abayili bakwaceba uyilo lwephaneli. Amagumbi amaninzi asebenzisa iiphaneli ezinobubanzi obuyimitha e-1. Iiphaneli ezibanzi zinciphisa iijoyinti kwaye zikhawulezisa ukwakhiwa. Udonga oluziimitha ezili-12 ubude lusebenzisa iiphaneli ezili-12 kuphela. Iijoyinti ezimbalwa ziphucula ukutywinwa.
Iinkqubo zenkxaso nazo zibalulekile. Iisilingi zifuna ii-hangers eziqinileyo. Uninzi lweeprojekthi zibeka ii-hangers kwindawo nganye kwiimitha ezili-1.2. Ii-evaporators ezinzima zinokufuna iifreyimu zentsimbi. Abayili bongeza ii-PVC covings kwiikona. Ezi covings ziphucula ucoceko kunye nokucoca.
Ukukhethwa kocango kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Iingcango ezifakwe i-insulation zihlala zihambelana nobukhulu bephaneli. Ucango oluyi-100-mm luthwala i-insulation efanayo nephaneli yodonga eyi-100-mm. Izivalo ezilungileyo zinciphisa ukuvuza. Iingcango ezininzi zisebenzisa iingcingo ze-heater kumagumbi anobushushu obuphantsi. Iingcingo ze-heater zithintela ukwakheka komkhenkce.
Iipayipi zombane mazihlale ngaphandle kwe-insulation. Iipayipi ezifihlakeleyo zinokubangela iibhuloho ezibandayo. Iibhuloho ezibandayo ziyandisa ukwakheka kwamanzi. Abayili bagcina iipayipi kwiindawo zokulungisa. Bakwafaka imiqobo yomphunga ukuthintela ukufuduka komswakama.
Iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa zixhasa ulawulo lobushushu olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo. Zibonelela ngobushushu obuqinileyo, iindawo ezicocekileyo, kunye nokuqina okuzinzileyo. Zikwanciphisa iindleko zamandla kwaye zixhasa imithetho engqongqo yococeko. Ngokhetho olufanelekileyo lwezinto eziphathekayo, uyilo olucokisekileyo, kunye nemveliso ezinzileyo, iiphaneli zegumbi lokupholisa zinokubonelela ngobomi obude benkonzo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-04-2025